低误差率的精密钢管焊缝检测

在对管材进行弯曲或液压成形(Hydroforming)时,焊缝的位置对最终产品的质量具有决定性影响。不利的焊缝位置会导致几何偏差,并影响所生产部件的强度和使用寿命。

为防止此类问题,已经形成了多种焊缝定位解决方案。利用对纵向焊缝进行颜色标记来识别其位置的光学方法被广泛应用。此外,也有基于摄像系统的检测方案,用于寻找“自然”焊缝。

即使没有颜色标记也能检测焊缝

但如果无法进行颜色标记,或者焊缝已不可见,该怎么办?当应用需要对焊接后的管材进行特定的后处理时,就会出现这种情况,例如在精密钢管生产中。这里采用的冷拔工艺会改变原有的表面外观,使得无法使用涂漆标记。如果管材还经过正火处理,焊缝在外部甚至可能变得完全不可见。

这正是 Roland Electronic 替代检测工艺发挥作用的领域。这些方法源自无损材料检测技术,例如涡流检测、磁感应检测和漏磁检测。它们的共同优势在于干式工作,无需介质,并且几乎不存在显著的辐射风险。

利用焊缝结构中的晶体变化进行检测

这些检测方法利用焊缝区域微观结构中的晶体变化。在铁磁性钢材焊接过程中,热影响区会形成马氏体晶体。由于未焊接区域几乎不含马氏体结构,因此可以通过检测马氏体来识别焊缝。支持这些替代方法的 SND40 焊缝检测仪在实际应用中表现出极高的工艺稳定性。

对于焊接后仅对焊缝进行刮除并校准直径的管材,在首次检测过程中即可实现 99.9% 的检出率。单台 SND40 系统的误差率介于 0 至 100 ppm 之间。
 

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